Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781337571357
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 22, Problem 26P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Using the given data, whether inhibition by 2 m urea is competitive or noncompetitive is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Competitive inhibition occurs when a substance that is not the substrate of the enzyme under normal condition can also bind to the enzyme’s active site. This results in direct competition with the substrate for the active site. Noncompetitive inhibition occurs when an inhibitor binds to a site present on the enzyme that is distinct from the active site which causes an alteration in the shape of the active site, making it unavailable for the substrate.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
The reaction
pyruvate + NADH+H. 1 lactate + NAD
is catalyzed by the enzyme lacate dehydrogenase. Suppose this reaction in the presence of some lactate dehydrogenase
results in the production of 30 umol per minute of lactate when the concentration of puyruvate is 2 mmol per liter.
If the concentration of pyruvate is doubled to 4 mmol per liter, how will the rate of production of lactate change?
O it will double to 60 µmol per minute l
O it will remain the same at 30 umol per minute
it will halve to 15 umol per minute
can't tell
Why do we say the two enzyme-catalyzed reactions taking place in your test tube are "coupled"?
O peroxidase and glucose oxidase utilize hydrogen peroxide as a substrate
O peroxidase utilizes the lactone produced by glucose oxidase as a substrate
O because there is a dye in solution
O peroxidase and glucose oxidase utilize glucose as a substrate
Operoxidase utilizes the hydrogen peroxide produced by glucose oxidase as a substrate
Evaluate
A solution of the enzyme glycogen synthase incubated at 45°C lost 70% of its activity in 3 minutes
„but when incubated at 45°C in the presence of a very large concentration of its substrate UDP-
Glucose, it lost only 3% of its activity in the same amount of time, Why?
Clu
CH,OH
CH, OH
HO,
он
CH;OH
CH2OH
но
HO
он
HO
UDP
O-P-0
OH
OH
NH
o--o
CH, OH
CH2OH
CH,OH
OH OH
HO
UDP-glucose binding makes it easier for the enzyme to unfold.
The enzyme likely had phosphate groups added through covalent modification.
O Interactions with the bound UDP-glucose stabilize the tertiary structure of glycogen synthase.
The UDP-Glucose is a positíve effector which increases the enzyme activity.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 22.1QCCh. 22.2 - Prob. 22.2QCCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.3QCCh. 22.4 - Which of the following is true regarding enzymes?...Ch. 22.5 - Match the description of the enzyme process with...Ch. 22 - What is the difference between a catalyst and an...Ch. 22 - What are ribozymes made of?Ch. 22 - Would a lipase hydrolyze two triglycerides, one...Ch. 22 - Compare the activation energy in uncatalyzed...Ch. 22 - Prob. 5P
Ch. 22 - Prob. 6PCh. 22 - Prob. 7PCh. 22 - Monoamine oxidases are important enzymes in brain...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9PCh. 22 - 0 What kind of reaction does each of the following...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11PCh. 22 - In most enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the rate of...Ch. 22 - 5 At a very low concentration of a certain...Ch. 22 - 6 If we wish to double the rate of an...Ch. 22 - 7 A bacterial enzyme has the following...Ch. 22 - 8 The optimal temperature for the action of...Ch. 22 - 9 The activity of pepsin was measured at various...Ch. 22 - Prob. 18PCh. 22 - Prob. 19PCh. 22 - Prob. 20PCh. 22 - Prob. 21PCh. 22 - 4 What kind of chemical reaction occurs most...Ch. 22 - 5 Which of the following is a correct statement...Ch. 22 - Prob. 24PCh. 22 - 7 Enzymes are long protein chains, usually...Ch. 22 - Prob. 26PCh. 22 - Prob. 27PCh. 22 - 0 Can the product of a reaction that is part of a...Ch. 22 - 1 What is the difference between a zymogen and a...Ch. 22 - 2 The enzyme trypsin is synthesized by the body in...Ch. 22 - Prob. 31PCh. 22 - Prob. 32PCh. 22 - Prob. 33PCh. 22 - Prob. 34PCh. 22 - Prob. 35PCh. 22 - Prob. 36PCh. 22 - Prob. 37PCh. 22 - Prob. 38PCh. 22 - 1 After a heart attack, the levels of certain...Ch. 22 - Prob. 40PCh. 22 - Prob. 41PCh. 22 - Prob. 42PCh. 22 - 5 Chemists who have been exposed for years to or...Ch. 22 - 6 Which enzyme preparation is given to patients...Ch. 22 - 7 Chymotrypsm is secreted by the pancreas and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 46PCh. 22 - Prob. 47PCh. 22 - Prob. 48PCh. 22 - Prob. 49PCh. 22 - Prob. 50PCh. 22 - Prob. 51PCh. 22 - Prob. 52PCh. 22 - Prob. 53PCh. 22 - Prob. 54PCh. 22 - Prob. 55PCh. 22 - Prob. 56PCh. 22 - Prob. 57PCh. 22 - Prob. 58PCh. 22 - Prob. 59PCh. 22 - Prob. 60PCh. 22 - 1 Food can be preserved by inactivation of enzymes...Ch. 22 - Prob. 62PCh. 22 - 3 Would you expect to find active digestive...Ch. 22 - Prob. 64PCh. 22 - Prob. 65PCh. 22 - Prob. 66PCh. 22 - 7 An enzyme has the following pH dependence: At...Ch. 22 - Prob. 68PCh. 22 - Prob. 69PCh. 22 - 0 Nerve gases operate by forming covalent bonds at...Ch. 22 - 1 What would be the appropriate name for an enzyme...Ch. 22 - Prob. 72PCh. 22 - 3 A liver enzyme is made of four subunits: 2A and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 74PCh. 22 - Prob. 75PCh. 22 - Prob. 76PCh. 22 - Prob. 77PCh. 22 - Prob. 78PCh. 22 - Prob. 79PCh. 22 - Prob. 80PCh. 22 - Prob. 81P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Compare the lock-and-key and induced-fit models for substrate binding to an enzyme.arrow_forwardDescribe the difference between graphs showing temperature versus reaction rate for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction and an uncatalyzed reaction.arrow_forwardWhy are so many different enzymes needed?arrow_forward
- Why are enzymes important? For example, what is the importance of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the body?arrow_forwardThe first step of the metabolic process known as glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate. This process has a positive value for rG' Glucose + Pi Glucose-6-phosphate + H2O rG' = +13.8 kJ/mol-rxn This reaction is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP ATP + H2O ADP + Pi rG' = -30.5 kJ/mol-rxn What is the sum of these two equations and the value of rG' for the coupled reaction? Is the coupled reaction product-favored at equilibrium?arrow_forward4. How are enzymes able to act as such remarkable catalysts of chemical reactions? Use a reaction coordinate diagram in your answer!arrow_forward
- What is the function of the enzyme lactase?arrow_forwardEnzymes are categorized by the types of reactions that they catalyze. An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction shown below would be a HO HO CH3 مصر A) isomerase B) ligase C) hydrolase CH3 D) oxidoreductase E) transferase CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3arrow_forward21. Michaelis-Menten kinetics is sometimes referred to as “saturation” kinetics. Why? 22. Give the Michaelis-Menten equation and define each term in it. Does this equation apply to all enzymes? If not, to which kind does it not apply? 23. Methanol (wood alcohol) is highly toxic because it is converted to formaldehyde in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase:NAD+ + methanol → NADH + H+ + formaldehydePart of the medical treatment for methanol poisoning is to administer ethanol (ethyl alcohol) in amounts large enough to cause intoxication under normal circumstances. Explain this in terms of what you know about examples of enzymatic reactions.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305960060
Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079250
Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Organic And Biological Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305081079
Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)
Publisher:Cengage Learning,
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285853918
Author:H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemical Equilibria and Reaction Quotients; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GiZzCzmO5Q;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY