(a)
Interpretation:
The validation of the fact that the given keto ester is formed by Dieckmann condensation has to be predicted and the structure of starting diester if applicable has to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
An internal condensation reaction of a diester forms a ring compound. Such an internal claisen cyclization is known as a Dieckmann condensation reaction or more commonly it is known as a Dieckmann cyclization. This reaction is useful in the formation of five and six membered rings. Rings which are smaller than five carbon atoms or larger than six carbon atoms are rarely formed by this reaction.
(b)
Interpretation:
The validation of the fact that the given keto ester is formed by Dieckmann condensation is to be predicted and the structure of starting diester if applicable is to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
An internal condensation reaction of a diester forms a ring compound. Such an internal claisen cyclization is known as a Dieckmann condensation reaction or more commonly it is known as a Dieckmann cyclization. This reaction is useful in the formation of five and six membered rings. Rings which are smaller than five carbon atoms or larger than six carbon atoms are rarely formed by this reaction.
(c)
Interpretation:
The validation of the fact that the given keto ester is formed by Dieckmann condensation is to be predicted and the structure of starting diester if applicable is to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
An internal condensation reaction of a diester forms a ring compound. Such an internal claisen cyclization is known as a Dieckmann condensation reaction or more commonly it is known as a Dieckmann cyclization. This reaction is useful in the formation of five and six membered rings. Rings which are smaller than five carbon atoms or larger than six carbon atoms are rarely formed by this reaction.
(d)
Interpretation:
The validation of the fact that the given keto ester is formed by Dieckmann condensation is to be predicted and the structure of starting diester if applicable is to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
An internal condensation reaction of a diester forms a ring compound. Such an internal claisen cyclization is known as a Dieckmann condensation reaction or more commonly it is known as a Dieckmann cyclization. This reaction is useful in the formation of five and six membered rings. Rings which are smaller than five carbon atoms or larger than six carbon atoms are rarely formed by this reaction.
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Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
- The addition of water to aldehydes and ketones occurs rapidly, although it is not thermodynamically favored. What would be the product for the reaction above? Hint: Think of the self-ionization of water and the polarity of the carbonyl group.arrow_forwardIn the presence of heat or light, diazomethane is converted into a carbene that adds to alkenes. Draw the correct products for the following reaction.arrow_forwardWhat explains why many aldehydes and ketones can undergo self-condensation reactions in basic conditions? The alpha carbon can lose a proton and act like a nucleophile and the carbonyl carbon is an electrophile. The alpha carbon can gain a proton and act like an electrophile and the carbonyl carbon is a nucleophile. The oxygen of the carbonyl group can attack the carbon of the carbonyl group. Only esters can undergo self-condensation reactions.arrow_forward
- Hydration of aldehydes and ketones can be catalyzed by acid or base. Bases catalyze hydration by: protonating the carbonyl oxygen making the carbonyl group more electrophilic employing hydroxide ion, which is a better nucleophile than water making the carbonyl group less electrophilic shifting the equilibrium position of the reaction to favor productsarrow_forwardDraw the organic product you would expect to isolate from the nucleophilic substitution reaction between the molecules shown. Note: You do not need to draw any of the side products of the reaction, only the substitution product. D xx + H₂O + X Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forward4) Give an example of an enol which would tautomerize into a) an aldehyde and b) a ketone.arrow_forward
- Explain why pentane-2,4-dione forms two different alkylation products (Aor B) when the number of equivalents of base is increased from one totwo.arrow_forwardComplete these reactions: identify the electrophilic center and the nucleophile, draw a mechanism with curved arrows to help you predict the products and draw the products. Identify the functional group that is produced for parts a and b*arrow_forwardDraw the organic product you would expect to isolate from the nucleophilic substitution reaction between the molecules shown. Note: You do not need to draw any of the side products of the reaction, only the substitution product. □ + HO 1 + X S Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forward
- Explain why pentane-2,4-dione forms two different alkylation products (A or B) when the number of equivalents of base is increased from one to two.arrow_forwardComplete the following reaction sequence with the missing major organic products. CH, NaOH CH,CH,CH,CHCH,CHCH,CEN H20 NaOH H,0 CH,CH,arrow_forwardThe reaction of a ketone with an alcohol in acidic conditions will result in: an alkane an acetal a geminal (gem) diol an alkenearrow_forward
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning