Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 24, Problem 5TYK
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

A taxon is a term used for ranking the groups of animals into different categories. The organisms belonging to the same taxa share similar characters and have a common ancestor. Phylogenetic classification requires taxa to be monophyletic rather than polyphyletic.

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Which of the following most likely demonstrates that classification is the basis of evolutionary relatedness? A. Organisms that share similar characteristics are impliedly understood to have common ancestors, thus having an evolutionary relationship. B. Classification is to organize organisms into groups based on their differences and similarities and evolutionary history, so as evolution changes, classification will also change C. Classification based on evolutionary relatedness always infer that all organisms that evolved similarly shares the same history. D. Homologous structures among organisms depicts the same evolutionary history or paths.
Phylogeny refers to the evolutionary descent of taxa. It refers to the relationship between ancestors and descendants and relationships among descendant taxa. It shows the lineage of taxa which can be summarized in a branching diagram called a phylogenetic tree.a. express some basic evolutionary relationships among groups of microorganisms, plants, and animals;  b. illustrate the relationship of organisms with their environment; and  c. analyze environmental factors contributing to biodiversity richness and loss
A paraphyletic group includes a. an ancestor and all of its descendants. b. an ancestor and some of its descendants. c. descendants of more than one common ancestor. d. All of the choices are correct.
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