Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 14, Problem 8TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Telomeres are short sequence of noncoding DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid at the end of eukaryotic chromosomes. These are repeated hundred to thousand times. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that adds telomeres to the DNA strands.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
A research laboratory uses a cancer cell line that has undergone thousands of cell cycle divisions in the laboratory without any change in the length of its chromosomes. The most likely reason the chromosomes aren’t shortening is that the cancer cells are expressing
Select one:
a. very low levels of telomerase.
b. high levels of telomerase.
c. high levels of RNA polymerase.
d. DNA polymerases with high fidelity.
e. high levels of ligase activity.
The role of p53 in normal cells is toa. create cancer-blocking mutations.b. trigger unrestrained cell division.c. detect damaged DNA.d. splice exons together in the correct sequence.
Which of the following are characteristics of aging cells (select all that apply)?
A.
Chronic inflammation results in premature shortening of telomeres
B.
Lengthening of telomeric DNA sequence
C.
Accumulation of telomere-dysfunction–induced foci (TIFs)
D.
Older cells produce more telomerase
E.
Increased erosion of telomeres
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 4SBCh. 14.3 - What is the importance of complementary base...Ch. 14.3 - Why is a primer needed for DNA replication? How is...Ch. 14.3 - DNA polymerase III and DNA polymerase I are used...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 4SBCh. 14.4 - Why is a proofreading mechanism important for DNA...
Ch. 14 - Working on the Amazon River, a biologist isolated...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 14 - Pyrimidines built from a single carbon ring are:...Ch. 14 - Which of the following statements about DNA...Ch. 14 - Which of the following statements about DNA is...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 14 - Discuss Concepts Eukaryotic chromosomes can be...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 14 - Discuss Concepts During replication, an error...Ch. 14 - Design an Experiment Design an experiment using...Ch. 14 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 14 - Prob. 2ITD
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Of the following statements related to the function of telomeres, identify which is FALSE. a. Telomeres protect organisms from cancer by limiting the number of somatic cell divisions b. Telomeres help prevent unnecessary cell death by preventing DNA monitoring activity at the staggered ends of DNA c. Telomeres restore the length of lagging DNA strands in germ cells d. Telomeres offer some protection against the unavoidable shortening of genesarrow_forwardEach of the following statements about protein synthesis is false.Correct each to make a true statement. a. In a gene, each nucleotide specifies one amino acid in a protein sequence. b. A transcription factor must bind to the promoter region of a gene before the enzyme DNA synthetase is able to bind and begin transcription. c. The enzyme RNA polymerase builds a strand of transfer RNA, whose codons are complementary to DNA’s triplets. d. Proteins destined for secretion from the cell enter the nucleus after translation, to be folded and modified. e. During translation, amino acids are delivered by the messenger RNA transcriparrow_forwardAlternate splicing: A. Reduces mRNA half-life by shortening poly(A) tails B. Disrupts histone arrangement for increased transcription C. Uses topoisomerase to complete its function D. Can produce 2 or more products from one genearrow_forward
- Vinblastine is a standard chemotherapeutic drug used to treat cancer. Because it interferes with the assembly of microtubules, its effectiveness must be related to Select one: a. inhibition of DNA synthesis. O b. myosin denaturation and inhibition of cleavage furrow formation. c. suppression of cyclin production. Od. inhibition of regulatory protein phosphorylation. O e. disruption of mitotic spindle formation. Next pagearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the most likely effect of a mutation in the gene coding for a DNA repair enzyme? a.The mutated gene will not be transcribed because RNA polymerase cannot transcribe mutated DNA. b.Mutations will accumulate more quickly because the cell will not be able to fix errors in replication. c.The cell will immediately undergo apoptosis so that mutated DNA is not replicated in future rounds of cell division. d.The cell containing the mutation will divide more frequently because the cell cycle checkpoints will not function properly.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is MOST likely true of aggressively dividing cancer cells (select one)? A. They do not express telomerase B. They do not express hTERT C. They are in a state of cell crisis D. Their telomeres are stabilized (not shortening with each cellular division) E. None of Abovearrow_forward
- Nonsense mutations occur when: A.The new codon causes an incorrect amino acid to code for an incorrect protein B.The loss or gain of 1 or 2 nucleotides that affects the coding for a protein. C.An alteration in sequence results in a new codon that causes the code to create an incomplete protein. D.Chromosomes break, causing a loss of DNA E.Genes in chromosome mutate and code for incorrect DNAarrow_forwardA.) There is no change in the DNA sequence if nucleotides are added or removed, it will have no effect to the cell. B.) Mutations in the DNA sequence are all irreversible. A. Statement A is correct B. Statement B is correct C. Both A and B are correct D. Both A and B are incorrectarrow_forwardWhich of these is NOT true of nucleosomes? A. Some post-translational modifications to histone proteins serve as binding sites for transcription factors. B. The position of nucleosomes is fixed on the genome and can not be changed. C. The position and post-translational modifications of histones can be inherited through mitosis. D. The binding between DNA and histone proteins can be disrupted by post-translational modifications.arrow_forward
- In a nucleosome, what is the DNA wrapped around? A. mRNA B. Nucleolus protein. C. Ribosomes. D. Polymerase molecules. E. Histonesarrow_forwardWhich of the following statament is NOT TRUE about gene expression?a. The expression of genes that code for proteins includes two stages: replication and translationb. Translation is the synthesis of a polypeptide using the information in the mRNA.c. During gene expression, the information encoded in genes is used to make specific polypeptide chains or RNA molecules.d. Gene expression is the process by which DNA directs the synthesis of proteinsarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about genes is incorrect? Select one: O a. During fertilization, both the sperm and the ovum contribute genes to the resulting fertilized egg. b. Genetic differences can result from changes in the DNA called mutations. O c. Genes correspond to segments of DNA. d. Under normal circumstances, each chromosome contains precisely one gene. e. Many genes contain the information needed for cells to synthesize enzymes and other proteins.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
What are Mutations and what are the different types of Mutations?; Author: Science ABC;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I16YlE8qTBU;License: Standard youtube license