Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 5TYK
Which of the following statements about DNA is false?
a. Phosphate is linked to the 5’ and 3’ carbons of adjacentdeoxyribose molecules.
b. DNA is bidirectional in its synthesis.
c. Each side of the helix is antiparallel to the other.
d. The binding of adenine to thymine is through three hydrogenbonds.
e. Avery identified DNA as the transforming factor in crossesbetween smooth and rough bacteria.
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Which of the following statements are TRUE?I. DNA replication is a semiconservative process wherein the two resulting double helices consist of one new strand and one parental strand.II. The DNA strand that is used to make a complementary daughter strand is called the parental strand.III. The precursor of each new nucleotide in the DNA strand is a deoxynucleoside 3′-triphosphate.IV. The incoming nucleotide always attaches to 5′-phosphate of the previously added nucleotide
a. I only
b. II only
c. I and IV
d. III and IV
The original DNA base sequence is
5’-AGCGTTACCGT-3’; a mutation in the DNA strand results in the base sequence 5’-AGGCGTTACCGT-3’. What can you conclude about the mutation?
A.
It is a frameshift mutation.
B.
It is a silent mutation.
C.
It is a deleterious mutation.
D.
It may result in a single amino acid change in the protein being coded for by this base sequence.
Which of the following statements about nucleic acids is not correct?
Select one:
A.
In DNA the distance between the strands of the double helix is relatively constant.
B.
The growing DNA polymer is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction.
C.
The enzymes that catalyze DNA synthesis are known as DNA polymerases.
D.
RNA strands are synthesized in the 3' to 5' direction.
E.
Unlike DNA, RNA is easily cleaved because the 2'-OH group of the ribose is a nucleophile that catalyzes hydrolysis of the strand.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 4SBCh. 14.3 - What is the importance of complementary base...Ch. 14.3 - Why is a primer needed for DNA replication? How is...Ch. 14.3 - DNA polymerase III and DNA polymerase I are used...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 4SBCh. 14.4 - Why is a proofreading mechanism important for DNA...
Ch. 14 - Working on the Amazon River, a biologist isolated...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 14 - Pyrimidines built from a single carbon ring are:...Ch. 14 - Which of the following statements about DNA...Ch. 14 - Which of the following statements about DNA is...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 14 - Discuss Concepts Eukaryotic chromosomes can be...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 14 - Discuss Concepts During replication, an error...Ch. 14 - Design an Experiment Design an experiment using...Ch. 14 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 14 - Prob. 2ITD
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following is NOT true of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)? A. None of the other four answers (all are true of DNA) B. Each DNA nucleotide contains the sugar ribose, phosphate, and one of the following nitrogenous bases: adenine, uracil, guanine, or cytosine C. Stores genetic information that can be expressed within a bacterial cell, transferred “vertically” to offspring cells, or “horizontally” to other recipient cells D. Found as a circular molecule in bacteria, either as chromosomes or plasmids E. Serves as a template for the transcription of mRNAarrow_forwardThe following statements apply to compounds to which HONO, benzo(a)pyrene, aflatoxin, formaldehyde and chloroform are examples of: A. All may alter DNA sequences because they alkylate nucleotide bases B. All may alter DNA sequences which could result in altered protein products. C. All are mutagenic because they intercalate DNA D. All are mutagenic and causes the production of apurinic sites O E. All are mutagenic because they cause substitution of a base resulting in the production of a protein product with altered sequencearrow_forwardWhat is the effect of incubating a mixture of RNA and DNA with 0.1 M NaOH? A. DNA is hydrolyzed to nucleoside monophosphates. B. No effect. RNA and DNA are resistant to base hydrolysis. C. RNA is hydrolyzed to nucleoside monophosphates. D. Both RNA and DNA are hydrolyzed to nucleoside monophosphates. Stem-loop structures in RNA resemble the ________ form of double-helical DNA. A. A B. B C. supercoiled circular D. Zarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about the processes of the central dogma is/are incorrect? I. Replication occurs only once during the life cycle of a cell. II. The entire sequence of a DNA molecule carries instructions for the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. III. The products of transcription all eventually undergo translation. IV. Transcription and replication both involve the use of RNA molecules. V. The translation of the genetic code is directly based on the sequence of the template DNA strand. O , I, and V O II, II, and V O l and IV O II, II, and IV O Only l is incorrectarrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements about the double-helix secondary structure of DNA is true or false. a. The two polynucleotide strands are complementary rather than identical. b. Bases present extend outward from the double helix. c. Covalent bonding occurs between the two polynucleotide strands. d. The two polynucleotide strands run in the 5′-to-3′ directionarrow_forwardRefer to Figure 2 and compare this with the DNA model in Figure 1. a. In what ways are they similar? b. In what ways are they different? c. What is the biological significance of such differences? Why is the DNA referred to as the genetic material?arrow_forward
- Consider the following segment of DNA:5′ GCTTCCCAA 3′3′ CGAAGGGTT 5′Assume that the top strand is the template strand usedby RNA polymerase.a. Draw the RNA transcribed.b. Label its 5′ and 3′ ends.c. Draw the corresponding amino acid chain.d. Label its amino and carboxyl ends.Repeat parts a through d, assuming the bottom strand tobe the template strand.arrow_forwardWhat is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis? * A. they carry proteins to the site of action B. they provide a source of amino acids C. they provide a site from tRNAs to link to mRNAs D. they translate the basic DNA code using tRNA Consider the following DNA bases sequence 3' TAT CGG 5'. what dipeptide is formed if a DNA point mutation converts CGG to CGT? * A. Val-Ala B. Asp-Glu C. Ala- Ala D. Gly-Ala A tRNA molecule possesses the anticodon 5' CGU 3' , which amino acid will this tRNA molecule carry? * A. Threonine B. Valine C. Alanine D. Arginine What will most likely be the effect of the change in the DNA molecule? * A. the change will cause a harmful mutation B. the DNA molecule will be unable to replicate…arrow_forwardEthidium Bromide is a chemical reagent that has been used to detect the presence of nucleic acids. It is known to fluoresce under UV light and the intensity of the fluoresence increases when it binds to the nucleic acids. Ethidium Bromide binds to polynucleotides a by binding directly to the bases on one of the strands. b by intercalating itself between the base pair stacks. c through the negatively charged phosphate groups. d through the hydroxyl group of the sugar molecule.arrow_forward
- The antiparallel nature of DNA refers to a. its charged phosphate groups. b. the pairing of bases on one strand with bases on the other strand. c. the formation of hydrogen bonds between bases from opposite strands. d. the opposite direction of the two strands of nucleotides.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is correct? A. The 3’-end of a DNA double helix implies that both strands of the DNA helix have a free 3’- hydroxyl group on that end. B. DNA can form double helix while RNA cannot form double helix. C. Both A and B. D. Neither A nor B. The role of serine at the active site of serine proteases is to act as a(n) ________ catalyst, while the histidine residue serves as a(n) ________ catalyst. A. weak; strong B. acid-base; covalent C. anionic; ionic D. covalent; acid-base E. strong; weakarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are NOT true? A. Replication is the process of making DNA and takes place in the nucleus of prokaryotic cells. B. Translation produces a polypeptide that may require additional processing to become a functional protein C. Transcription starts at the promoter of eukaryotic cells and scans until reaches the start codon. D. Splicing results in exons being put together and introns being removedarrow_forward
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