Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 15, Problem 40Q
To determine
The conclusion about the structure of the comet’s nuclei from the Deep Impact mission.
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A lot of asteroid and comet dust collides with Earth's atmosphere everyday. Assume that 500 tons of mass is added to Earth daily from the millions of meteors that enter our atmosphere. Estimate the time it would take for the Earth's mass to increase 0.2% with this impact rate. Is this mass accumulation significant to Earth as a planet.
The European Space Agency’s (ESA) Rosetta mission reached Comet 67P at the time when the comet approached perihelion.
Figure 20 shows jets emerging from the comet.
Do these images confirm that comets are ‘dirty snowballs’? Why, or why not?
The iron meteorite that created Barringer Crater (Arizona) was 50 m in diameter. It caused a crater 1.2 km (1200 m) in diameter, that is, 24 times bigger than the impactor. Keeping in mind that the size of the crater depends on many factors, such as the type of rocks present in the area, estimate the approximate size of the impactor that produced Mare Serenitatis.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Universe
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- What are the difficulties with the capture hypothesis of the Moon’s origin?arrow_forwardWhy are asteroids and comets important to our understanding of solar system history?arrow_forwardWe believe that chains of comet fragments like Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9’s have collided not only with the jovian planets, but occasionally with their moons. What sort of features would you look for on the outer planet moons to find evidence of such collisions? (As an extra bonus, can you find any images of such features on a moon like Callisto? You can use an online site of planetary images, such as the Planetary Photojournal, at photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov.)arrow_forward
- Why are meteorites of primitive material considered more important than other meteorites? Why have most of them been found in Antarctica?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between a comets dust tail and a comets gas tail? What does that tell you about the composition and origin of comets?arrow_forwardRefer to Example 13.1. How would the calculation change if a typical comet in the Oort cloud is only 1 km in diameter?arrow_forward
- In what ways are meteorites different from meteors? What is the probable origin of each?arrow_forwardThe calculation in Example 13.1 refers to the known Oort cloud, the source for most of the comets we see. If, as some astronomers suspect, there are 10 times this many cometary objects in the solar system, how does the total mass of cometary matter compare with the mass of Jupiter?arrow_forwardWhat methods do scientists use to distinguish a meteorite from terrestrial material?arrow_forward
- Refer to Example 13.1. How would the calculation change if a typical comet in the Oort cloud is larger-say, 50 km in diameter?arrow_forwardHow do the risks of dying from the impact of an asteroid or comet compare with other risks we are concerned about, such as dying in a car accident or from heart disease or some other natural cause? (Hint: To find the annual risk, go to the library or internet and look up the annual number of deaths from a particular cause in a particular country, and then divide by the population of that country.)arrow_forwardWhy is it unlikely that humans will be traveling to Io? (Hint: Review the information about Jupiter’s magnetosphere in The Giant Planets.)arrow_forward
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