Organic Chemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781936221349
Author: Marc Loudon, Jim Parise
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 24, Problem 24.13P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The percentages of
Concept introduction:
A carbon atom that has four nonequivalent atoms or groups attached to it is known as the chiral carbon atom. Chiral carbon centers are also known as asymmetric or stereogenic centers. A chiral molecule is an optically active molecule. The observed optical rotation of a compound is given by the expression as shown below.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
(a) Label all the O atoms that are part of a glycoside in rebaudioside A. Rebaudioside A, marketed under the trade name Truvia, is a sweet glycoside obtained from the stevia plant, which has been used for centuries in Paraguay to sweeten foods. (b) The alcohol or phenol formed from the hydrolysis of a glycoside is called an aglycon. What aglycon and monosaccharides are formed by the hydrolysis of rebaudioside A?
There are four d-aldopentoses (Table 25.1). If each is reduced with NaBH4, which yield optically active alditols? Which yield optically inactive alditols?
(i) Acetylation of glucose with acetic anhydride gives glucose pentacetate. Write the structure of the pentacetate.
(ii) Explain – Why glucose pentacetate does not react with hydroxylamine?
Chapter 24 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.1PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.2PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.3PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.4PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.5PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.6PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.7PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.8PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.9PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.10P
Ch. 24 - Prob. 24.11PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.12PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.13PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.14PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.15PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.16PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.17PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.18PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.19PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.20PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.21PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.22PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.23PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.24PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.25PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.26PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.27PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.28PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.29PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.30PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.31PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.32PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.33PCh. 24 - Prob. 24.34APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.35APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.36APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.37APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.38APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.39APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.40APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.41APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.42APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.43APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.44APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.45APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.46APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.47APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.49APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.50APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.51APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.52APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.53APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.54APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.55APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.56APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.57APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.58APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.59APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.60APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.61APCh. 24 - Prob. 24.62AP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The reagent periodate (IO,") oxidatively cleaves the carbon-carbon bonds between two adjacent carbons carrying hydroxyl groups. Explain how pe- riodate oxidation might be used to distinguish between methyl glycosides of glucose in the pyranose and furanose forms.arrow_forwardPropose structural formulas for the following polysaccharides. Q.) Pectic acid is the main component of pectin, which is responsible for the formation of jellies from fruits and berries. Pectic acid is a polymer of d-galacturonic acid in the pyranose form joined by a-1,4-glycosidic bonds.arrow_forwardWhy is molecule "A" the major acetal formed when d-erythrose reacts with H2SO4 and acetone as opposed to molecule "B"?arrow_forward
- The amino acid (S)-alanine has the physical characteristics listed under the structure. a.What is the melting point of (R)-alanine? b.How does the melting point of a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-alanine compare to the melting point of (S)-alanine? c. What is the specific rotation of (R)-alanine, recorded under the same conditions as the reported rotation of (S)-alanine? d.What is the optical rotation of a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-alanine? e.Label each of the following as optically active or inactive: a solution of pure (S)alanine; an equal mixture of (R)- and (S)-alanine; a solution that contains 75% (S)- and 25% (R)-alanine.arrow_forwardThe amino acid (S)-alanine has the physical characteristics listed under the structure. a. What is the melting point of (R)-alanine? b. How does the melting point of a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-alanine compare to the melting point of (S)-alanine? c. What is the specific rotation of (R)-alanine, recorded under the same conditions as the reported rotation of (S)-alanine? d. What is the optical rotation of a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-alanine? e. Label each of the following as optically active or inactive: a solution of pure (S)- alanine; an equal mixture of (R)- and (S)-alanine; a solution that contains 75% (S)- and 25% (R)-alanine. HO, NH2 (S)-alanine [a] = +8.5 mp = 297 °Carrow_forwardThe cyclic hemiacetal is more stable than the open-chain form, so very little of the open-chain form is present atequilibrium. Will an aqueous solution of glucose reduce Tollens reagent and give a positive Tollens test? Explain.arrow_forward
- Amygdalin is a toxic component in the pits of bitter almonds, peaches, and apricots. Q.) Name the two monosaccharide units in amygdalin and describe the glycosidic bond by which they are joined.arrow_forwardWhich statement about saccharides is correct? (A). Alpha anomers are more common than beta anoomers. (B). Two monosaccharides can form a disaccharide and oxygen. (C). Polysaccharides with alpha or beta glycosidic linkages have the different properties. (D). Disaccharides can be cyclic or acyclic.arrow_forwardDraw the structure of alpha-d-glucopyranose in straight chain cyclic, Haworth and cyclohexane-chair format. Draw the structures of two aldohexoses which are diastereomers but not epimersarrow_forward
- Consider N-acetyl-d-glucosamine Q.) Draw a chair conformation for the disaccharide formed by joining two units of the pyranose form of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine by a b-1,4-glycosidic bond. If you draw this correctly, you have the structural formula for the repeating dimer of chitin, the structural polysaccharide component of the shell of lobsters and other crustaceans.arrow_forwardPropose structural formulas for the following polysaccharides. Q.) Alginic acid, isolated from seaweed, is used as a thickening agent in ice cream and other foods. Alginic acid is a polymer of d-mannuronic acid in the pyranose form joined by b-1,4-glycosidic bonds.arrow_forwardC. Trehalose and maltose are both dimers of glucose. However, they have considereably different reactivities. Concisely explain why these differences are observed. HO НО НО HO Но HO OH Он HO OHOH Но trehalose maltose 1. Malthose is a reducing sugar while trehalose is not. 2. Trehalose is very resistant to acid hydrolysis while maltose can be acid-hydrolyzed with ease.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305960060
Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher:Cengage Learning