Universe
Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 25, Problem 14CC
To determine

The assumption that must be considered about Type Ia supernovae to use them for measuring distances to galaxies.

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An observational survey of distant galaxies is undertaken that involves measuring their distances using cepheid variables and red-shifts using spectroscopy. Explain how cepheid variables can be used to measure the distances to galaxies. A spectral line is observed whose wavelength in the laboratory is de length of this spectral line observed in each galaxy, Xo, is listed in the table, along with the distance, d, to the galaxy. Determine the red-shift and the recession velocity of each galaxy and tabulate your results by making a copy of the table and filling in the blank spaces. Sketch a Hubble diagram using your results and determine the value of the Hubble constant Ho in units of km s-1 Mpc. 650 nm. The wave- Galaxy 1 652.69 Galaxy 2 Galaxy 3 Galaxy 4 Galaxy 5 653.01 do (nm) d (Mpc) 658.54 662.18 681.63 17 19 54 77 200 v (km s-1)
Suppose a quasar is shining with a luminosity L.  What is the approximate minimal mass of the black hole?  (If the black hole had a lower mass than this, the pressure in the material would overcome the gravity of the black hole and the material would be blown apart.) Give your answer in solar masses, in scientific notation to one significant figure (no decimal places). Value: L=1×10^12Lsun​ Suppose the quasar in the previous problem is 10% efficient at turning rest mass into energetic photons, according to Einstein's equation E=mc2.  What is the necessary rate of accretion of mass onto this black hole, to sustain its luminosity of 1* 1012 solar luminosities -- i.e. how much mass must be 'fed' to this black hole to keep the AGN shining so brightly?   Give your response in units of solar masses of material per year, with one decimal place.
A Type la supernova explodes in a galaxy at a distance of 6.10×107 light-years from Earth. If astronomers detect the light from the supernova today, how many years T have passed since the supernova exploded? T= 2.07 x10 -5 years Given a Hubble constant of 74.3 km/s/Mpc, at what speed v is this galaxy moving away from Earth? v= km/s What is this galaxy's redshift? redshift:
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