Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 25, Problem 14CC
To determine
The assumption that must be considered about Type Ia supernovae to use them for measuring distances to galaxies.
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An observational survey of distant galaxies is undertaken that involves measuring their
distances using cepheid variables and red-shifts using spectroscopy. Explain how cepheid
variables can be used to measure the distances to galaxies.
A spectral line is observed whose wavelength in the laboratory is de
length of this spectral line observed in each galaxy, Xo, is listed in the table, along with
the distance, d, to the galaxy. Determine the red-shift and the recession velocity of each
galaxy and tabulate your results by making a copy of the table and filling in the blank spaces.
Sketch a Hubble diagram using your results and determine the value of the Hubble constant
Ho in units of km s-1 Mpc.
650 nm. The wave-
Galaxy 1
652.69
Galaxy 2 Galaxy 3 Galaxy 4 Galaxy 5
653.01
do (nm)
d (Mpc)
658.54
662.18
681.63
17
19
54
77
200
v (km s-1)
Suppose a quasar is shining with a luminosity L. What is the approximate minimal mass of the black hole? (If the black hole had a lower mass than this, the pressure in the material would overcome the gravity of the black hole and the material would be blown apart.) Give your answer in solar masses, in scientific notation to one significant figure (no decimal places).
Value:
L=1×10^12Lsun
Suppose the quasar in the previous problem is 10% efficient at turning rest mass into energetic photons, according to Einstein's equation E=mc2. What is the necessary rate of accretion of mass onto this black hole, to sustain its luminosity of 1* 1012 solar luminosities -- i.e. how much mass must be 'fed' to this black hole to keep the AGN shining so brightly?
Give your response in units of solar masses of material per year, with one decimal place.
A Type la supernova explodes in a galaxy at a
distance of 6.10×107 light-years from Earth. If
astronomers detect the light from the
supernova today, how many years T have
passed since the supernova exploded? T=
2.07 x10 -5 years Given a Hubble constant of
74.3 km/s/Mpc, at what speed v is this galaxy
moving away from Earth? v= km/s What is
this galaxy's redshift? redshift:
Chapter 25 Solutions
Universe
Ch. 25 - Prob. 1CCCh. 25 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25 - Prob. 4CCCh. 25 - Prob. 5CCCh. 25 - Prob. 6CCCh. 25 - Prob. 7CCCh. 25 - Prob. 8CCCh. 25 - Prob. 9CCCh. 25 - Prob. 10CC
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- Suppose a quasar is shining with a luminosity L. What is the approximate minimal mass of the black hole? (If the black hole had a lower mass than this, the pressure in the material would overcome the gravity of the black hole and the material would be blown apart.) Give your answer in solar masses, in scientific notation to one significant figure (no decimal places). Value: L = 1*10^12 Lsunarrow_forwardwhat is the difference between an E0 galaxy and an E1 galaxy?arrow_forwardThe Hubble Law, equation (D), can be used to determine the age of the universe. Using your average valueof H, calculate the recessional velocity of a galaxy of a galaxy which is 800 Mpc away.Velocity of a galaxy 800 Mpc away: _______________________________km/secarrow_forward
- An astronomical image shows two objects that have the same apparent magnitude, i.e., the same brightness. However, spectroscopic follow up observations indicate that while one is a star that is within our galaxy, at a distance dgal away, and has the same luminosity as the Sun, the other is a quasar and has 100x the luminosity of the entire Milky Way galaxy. What is the distance to the quasar? (You may assume, for this rough calculation, that the Milky Way has 1011 stars and that they all have the luminosity as the Sun.) Give your response in Mpc. Value: dgal = 49 pcarrow_forwardIf the active core of a galaxy contains a black hole of 106 M, what will the orbital period be for matter orbiting the black hole at a distance of 0.23 AU? Hint: Use the formula for circular velocity, V. GM V hrarrow_forwardAstronomers recently claimed to have discovered the most distant galaxy known. How would they have determine this distance?arrow_forward
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