Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 7.1, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Nutrition is defined as the process of intake of food and its conversion into energy and nutrients required for growth and proper functioning of an organism. The two types of nutrition in living organisms are autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.
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Which of the following statements is true of chemoautotrophs?
O They use hydrogen sulfide as their hydrogen source for the photosynthesis of their organic compounds.
O They "feed themselves" by obtaining energy from the chemical bonds of organic molecules.
O They oxidize inorganic compounds to obtain energy to drive the synthesis of their organic compounds.
O They live as decomposers of inorganic chemicals in organic litter.
O They obtain their energy from oxidizing chemical compounds and get their carbon skeletons from organic
compounds.
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Which of the following describe an autotroph? Select all that apply.
An autotroph is a producer.
An autotroph is an organism that obtains carbon from organic compounds assembled by other organisms.
An autotroph is an organism that makes its own food using energy from the environment and carbon from inorganic molecules.
Autotrophs are consumers.
A bacterium that does not have all the enzymes of central metabolism:
Can produce all the precursor metabolites it needs from malate
Will not be a viable cell and will quickly die
Can produce all the precursor metabolites it needs from glucose
Will not grow without being supplied precursor metabolites.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 7.1 - Which types of organisms carry out cellular...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 7.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 7.1 - If you were traveling from the cytosol to the...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 7.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.2 - What is the advantage of having different pigment...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 4CC
Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 7.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 7.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 7.2 - What is the purpose of cyclic...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 7.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 7.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 7.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 7.5 - What are the advantages and disadvantages for C3,...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 7.5 - An evolutionary adaptation to minimize...Ch. 7 - The water necessary for photosynthesis is split...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2TYCh. 7 - Prob. 3TYCh. 7 - Prob. 4TYCh. 7 - During the first phase of the Calvin cycle, carbon...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6TYCh. 7 - Prob. 7TYCh. 7 - Prob. 8TYCh. 7 - Prob. 9TYCh. 7 - Plants commonly found in hot and dry environments...Ch. 7 - What are the two stages of photosynthesis? What...Ch. 7 - What is the function of NADPH in the Calvin cycle?Ch. 7 - A principle of biology is that living organisms...Ch. 7 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of being...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Organisms that can make their own food using inorganic molecules are called: autotrophs heterotrophs photoautotrophs chemoautotrophsarrow_forwardIf an organism is said to be a chemoautotroph, which of the following statements is true? The organism could be a mammal. The organism is able to synthesize its own food by breaking apart chemical bonds in inorganic compounds. O The organism must eat organic compounds in order to obtain energy. The organism depends on sunlight for manufacturing it's own food enearrow_forwardRead the following article. ASK MR. GREEN: Organic Produce versus Nonorganic Produce Dear Mr. Green: Lately I see more and more "organic" fruits and vegetables in the supermarkets. I'm confused. Often the organic apples or strawberries aren't as red or as large as the other ones. They sometimes have spots or insect holes. And organic produce can cost three times as much as other produce! So, tell me, what exactly are organic fruits and vegetables? And why are they so expensive? Confused Shopper Now Read Mr. Green's answer. Dear Confused Shopper, You're right. Sometimes organic produce doesn't look as nice as nonorganic produce, and it generally costs up to 50 percent more. Let me explain why. Since about 1950, farmers have used chemicals to grow their fruits and vegetables. They use pesticides to kill insects that eat their plants. They use herbicides to kill the weeds that kill their plants. These chemicals are a great help to farmers. By using them, farmers can grow more produce on…arrow_forward
- Microorganisms degrade chemicals for the following reason(s): Select one: Obtain source of usable energy To create more microorganisms Biosynthesis of cellular component All sentences are true Two sentences are truearrow_forwardIdentify and describe the five types of heterotrophs. Cite specific examples.arrow_forwardAll of the following are ways microorganisms adapt to limited nutrients except: synthesize increased amount of enzymes for uptake and metabolism of limited nutrients form metabolically active highly resistant endospores synthesize enzymes needed to use a different nutrient acetic acid adjust the rate at which they metabolize nutrientsarrow_forward
- The term "turbidity" in microbiology refers to: a cloudy appearance in broth, meaning microorganisms did grow a cloudy appearance in broth, meaning microorganisms did not grow a clear appearance in broth, meaning microorganisms did not grow the clump of cells at the top of a broth a clear appearance in broth, meaning microroganisms did growarrow_forwardYou are observing an organism. It appears to extract energy stored in inorganic molecules like ammonia, nitrites and hydrogen sulfide; it uses carbon dioxide as its primary carbon source. What kind of organism is it? (Hint: think nutrition groups)arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true about chemoheterotrophs? Which of the following is NOT true about chemoheterotrophs? Use organic compounds as a source of both carbon and energy Can use light for energy and CO2 as a source of carbon Oxidize organic compounds (e.g., glucose) to generate ATP They are ultimately dependent on autotrophs to provide their carbon and energy None of the other four answers (all are true of chemoheterotrophs)arrow_forward
- If high temperatures are most effective at killing microbes, what statement correctly explains why some food products are treated with temperatures below the boiling point of water? Extremely high temperatures would destroy the food's nutritional value. Extremely high temperatures would significantly lower the food's shelf life. Extremely high temperatures can destroy the food's desirable characteristics. Extremely high temperatures promote the growth of some microbes.arrow_forwardAn organism is discovered living near hydrothermal vents deep in the ocean where sunlight cannot reach. It is found to gain energy through the oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds present in its environment and uses this energy to turn CO2 into complex organic compounds. Based on this information, how would this organism be best categorized metabolically? Chemoautotroph Chemoheterotroph Photoautotroph Photoheterotropharrow_forwardWhen our own enzymes begin to break down our own cells this is known as: Group of answer choices Autolysis Petrification Decomposition Vitreous humorarrow_forward
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